(Solution) - Gold will not dissolve in either concentrated nitric acid or -(2025 Original AI-Free Solution)

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Gold will not dissolve in either concentrated nitric acid or concentrated hydrochloric acid. However, the metal does dissolve in a mixture of the acids (one part HNO3 and three parts HCl by volume), called aqua regia.
(a) Write a balanced equation for this reaction. (Among the products are HAuCl4 and NO2.) (b) What is the function of HCl?