(Solution) - Which of the following activities are considered R D Justify yo -(2025 Original AI-Free Solution)

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Which of the following activities are considered R&D? Justify your reasons for each answer.
1. Building an oil shale plant to test the feasibility of large-scale exploitation
2. Testing a new type of machine to evaluate its potential usefulness in production
3. Modifying a machine to make it suitable for filling a customer?s order
4. Designing a new plant to produce the same products more efficiently
5. Testing in an attempt to find a more efficient production method